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<section id="graphical-user-interfaces-with-tk">
<span id="tkinter"></span><h1>Graphical User Interfaces with Tk<a class="headerlink" href="#graphical-user-interfaces-with-tk" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p id="index-0">Tk/Tcl has long been an integral part of Python. It provides a robust and
platform independent windowing toolkit, that is available to Python programmers
using the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> package, and its extension, the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#module-tkinter.tix" title="tkinter.tix: Tk Extension Widgets for Tkinter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code></a> and
the <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#module-tkinter.ttk" title="tkinter.ttk: Tk themed widget set"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk</span></code></a> modules.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> package is a thin object-oriented layer on top of Tcl/Tk. To
use <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a>, you don’t need to write Tcl code, but you will need to
consult the Tk documentation, and occasionally the Tcl documentation.
<a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> is a set of wrappers that implement the Tk widgets as Python
classes.</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a>’s chief virtues are that it is fast, and that it usually comes
bundled with Python. Although its standard documentation is weak, good
material is available, which includes: references, tutorials, a book and
others. <a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> is also famous for having an outdated look and feel,
which has been vastly improved in Tk 8.5. Nevertheless, there are many other
GUI libraries that you could be interested in. The Python wiki lists several
alternative <a class="reference external" href="https://wiki.python.org/moin/GuiProgramming">GUI frameworks and tools</a>.</p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code> — Python interface to Tcl/Tk</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#architecture">Architecture</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tkinter-modules">Tkinter Modules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tkinter-life-preserver">Tkinter Life Preserver</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#a-hello-world-program">A Hello World Program</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#important-tk-concepts">Important Tk Concepts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#understanding-how-tkinter-wraps-tcl-tk">Understanding How Tkinter Wraps Tcl/Tk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#how-do-i-what-option-does">How do I…? What option does…?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#navigating-the-tcl-tk-reference-manual">Navigating the Tcl/Tk Reference Manual</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#threading-model">Threading model</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#handy-reference">Handy Reference</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#setting-options">Setting Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-packer">The Packer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#packer-options">Packer Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#coupling-widget-variables">Coupling Widget Variables</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-window-manager">The Window Manager</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#tk-option-data-types">Tk Option Data Types</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#bindings-and-events">Bindings and Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#the-index-parameter">The index Parameter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#images">Images</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.html#file-handlers">File Handlers</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.colorchooser.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.colorchooser</span></code> — Color choosing dialog</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.font.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.font</span></code> — Tkinter font wrapper</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dialog.html">Tkinter Dialogs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dialog.html#module-tkinter.simpledialog"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.simpledialog</span></code> — Standard Tkinter input dialogs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dialog.html#module-tkinter.filedialog"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.filedialog</span></code> — File selection dialogs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="dialog.html#native-load-save-dialogs">Native Load/Save Dialogs</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dialog.html#module-tkinter.commondialog"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.commondialog</span></code> — Dialog window templates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.messagebox.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.messagebox</span></code> — Tkinter message prompts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.scrolledtext.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.scrolledtext</span></code> — Scrolled Text Widget</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.dnd.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.dnd</span></code> — Drag and drop support</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk</span></code> — Tk themed widgets</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#using-ttk">Using Ttk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widgets">Ttk Widgets</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#standard-options">Standard Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#scrollable-widget-options">Scrollable Widget Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#label-options">Label Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#compatibility-options">Compatibility Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#widget-states">Widget States</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-widget">ttk.Widget</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#combobox">Combobox</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#options">Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#virtual-events">Virtual events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-combobox">ttk.Combobox</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#spinbox">Spinbox</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id1">Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id2">Virtual events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-spinbox">ttk.Spinbox</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#notebook">Notebook</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id3">Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#tab-options">Tab Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#tab-identifiers">Tab Identifiers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id4">Virtual Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-notebook">ttk.Notebook</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#progressbar">Progressbar</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id5">Options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-progressbar">ttk.Progressbar</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#separator">Separator</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id6">Options</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#platform-specific-notes">Platform-specific notes</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#treeview">Treeview</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#column-identifiers">Column Identifiers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#id8">Virtual Events</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-treeview">ttk.Treeview</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.ttk.html#ttk-styling">Ttk Styling</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code> — Extension widgets for Tk</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tkinter.tix.html#using-tix">Using Tix</a></li>
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